​What is the Eustachian tube?​​

The Eustachian tube is a small passageway that connects your middle ear to the back of your throat (nasopharynx). It plays a vital role in maintaining proper ear function. Its importance in helping people adapt to air pressure changes during flight was first explained by Armstrong in 1938.

​What does it do?​​

The middle ear is an air-filled space. For your eardrum to vibrate properly and for you to hear normally, the air pressure inside the middle ear must match the pressure outside. The Eustachian tube's main job is to balance this pressure.

You can equalize ear pressure in two ways:

● ​Naturally (Active Opening):​​ Actions like swallowing, yawning, or sneezing cause muscles to open the tube briefly. Swallowing is the most effective method, which is why it's often recommended during airplane takeoffs and landings.

● ​Manually (Passive Opening):​​ If your ears feel blocked, you can try techniques like gently pinching your nose and blowing (Valsalva maneuver).

​What happens if it gets blocked?​​

If the Eustachian tube becomes blocked for a long time, it can lead to a middle ear infection (otitis media). This happens because fluid builds up in the middle ear, creating a damp environment where bacteria can grow, potentially leading to hearing problems.